How many times
have you heard “let’s warm-up” or “let’s stretch” used interchangeably?
It happens a
lot, and these days it goes almost unnoticed.
It’s not so
much that the terminology creates problems for physical and recreational
activity: rather, it’s the content of the activity that is performed.
Let’s try to
clear up the confusion as far as possible.
Warming up
Warming up is
the activity that prepares an athlete (or also someone who is performing a
simple motor activity) to begin training or to compete. In general, we can say
that warming up improves performance and reduces the risk of injury.
We could
certainly content ourselves with that, but to take things a bit further we can
also say that warming up creates the physiological conditions that:
· Make muscles contract faster
· Make intramuscular coordination more
effective (meaning the coordination between agonist and antagonist muscles
during contraction and relaxation)
· Improve muscle activity in terms of
strength and power
· Decrease viscosity in the muscle
· Reduce the nerve stimulus transmission
time
· Improve the release of oxygen from
hemoglobin and myoglobin
· Improve the circulation of blood to
the muscles involve
· Improve all metabolic reactions
· Activate all biochemical reactions
And that’s
just a small sample of the conditions that are created during the warm-up
phase; there are many others but these are probably enough to show that it’s a
necessary step.
Scientific
evidence however has not completely cleared up whether the risk of injury is
also reduced, in part because some of these conditions can reduce the
perception of pain and therefore lead athletes to push harder against their own
pain and self-protection thresholds.
Stretching
Stretching on
the other hand is an activity that can be “integrated” into the warm-up but can
never replace it. In this case as well, safe prevention against injury and
accidents has been fully revised in the literature. Currently there is some
small evidence that stretching before and after exercise can reduce the pain or
the risk of injuries.
At the same
time, there is strong scientific evidence that definitively advises against
stretching before a competition, as well as before strength, power, speed, and
strength resistance training and any exercise that requires instant reaction
times.
Therefore,
whether exercising as a team or in the gym, the first step must always be at
least 10 minutes of warm-up. Stretching can be included after this phase.
In upcoming
articles we’ll try to clarify good recommended warm-up activities, including
some for athletes striving for lofty goals.
For now, enjoy
your workout and watch your terminology. :-)
Wellness regards,
The Technogym Oman Team
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